Global Business Cultural Analysis: France Essay

This paper will focus on the many elements and dimensions of France and the affect it has on the business that takes place locally and internationally. There will be constant comparisons and contrasts between France and the United States of America taking place throughout this entire research article. I will focus on how the elements and dimensions of the culture separately are adapted by the locals and integrated into everyday life and business. I will also give insight on how to conduct business in France for other countries, mainly the United States, by talking about the countries imports and exports and certain important factors that outside business should know in order to successfully enterprise. The information and suggestions offered in this paper will range from communication and business dress attire, to social structures and Geert Hofstede analysis; all of which should improve the knowledge of foreign businesses and help them adapt in order to maintain and/or obtain success internationally in the country of France.? Global Business Cultural Analysis: France  What is a global business cultural analysis? From looking and several examples and finding information on this country, I have come to the conclusion that it is a description of the country and how its culture contributes to or restricts the business environment. As many of us may already know, culture plays a major part in a lot within a country. For one, culture dictates communication. Culture also the mannerisms of the people that are within the country. So, just to clear up any confusion, culture is a major part of a country and how it conducts itself, especially how it conducts business. It would be only right that if one was trying to conduct business in a country, they would need to understand the culture of the country in order to successfully interact with the people of the country in hopes of promoting and maintaining a highly active and flourishing business. With that being the case, I will focus my attention on the major elements and dimensions of culture in France. I will also describe how these elements and dimensions are integrated by the people of France when conducting business within this nation. Lastly, I will compare and contrast the culture and business of France with the culture and business of the United States and explain what a United States company would have to do in order to conduct business in France successfully. Communication One of the most important elements of culture in any and every country is communication. Communication comes in two different forms, verbal and nonverbal. Of course verbal is talking and actually saying what you mean and non verbal would be things such as hand gestures and body movements. In France, the official language is of course French. According to A Practical Guide to French Business by Alston, Hawthorne, and Saillet, â€Å"The French consider their language a central part of their cultural heritage, their â€Å"patrimoine,† and fluency in French is a major part of how French and non-French are evaluated. It is almost impossible to be fully accepted, or respected, when one does not speak French well† (2003 p. 43). The French appreciate when people not of the nation attempt to speak French but get irritated when it is spoken incorrectly according to Alston et al (2003). I can personally vouch for this because I had a French teacher that became visibly bothered when learned words or phrases were butchered and not used in the correct context. The French language is so important to the people of France, the government does not allow advertisements to be a mixture of languages. For example, if a store decided to display a sign that said, â€Å"Como is life? † it would be illegal and subject to a fine by the French government. The United States differ greatly in this aspect. There are a lot of examples of mixed languages, especially in entertainment such as movies and sitcoms. The French are very unique when it comes to conversation. They have a great appreciation for it, however, they tend to enjoy arguments and disagreements. They look at these things as interesting. They value someone that can argue with great skill. This is a complete contrast of the United States. We tend to try to avoid arguments and look down upon it. We try to be liked and attempt to agree with people that we are trying to build a relationship with or hold a conversation with. The French would rather voice their opinions and appear non-hypocritical than to agree or compromise how they feel. When it comes to interacting with people, France and the United States differ greatly. The people of France tend not to smile or have an expression when meeting new people. In the United States, we tend to smile and greet people as we have known them for a very long time. Edward MacNeal talks about growing up in a bicultural environment and noticing the differences between French and American interactions. He states in his journal French-American Misunderstandings, â€Å"†¦the French don’t smile at people they don’t know. They think it’s hypocritical† (2003). This nature is why many Americans view French people to be rude or snobbish. MacNeal also says that the American assumption is that we are all friends and the French assumption is that we are all strangers. This very assumption could hinder interaction between people of the two nations. So with that being said, when doing business with the French, be sure to address them by Sir or Madame rather than by their names. One should always approach them with no expression because a sign of expression, such as a smile, could be viewed as phony or fake. When communicating with the French, you should be mindful of the volume of your voice and be sure to make eye contact. Americans are known to be a little bit louder than the French would like. We tend to offend them by our loud talking and blaring laughter. The French are seen as very intimidating to Americans because of the intensity and vast amount of eye contact they make. Like I stated earlier, communication can also be non-verbal. Many actions and behaviors are observed by the French as well. Matt Priest (2012) notes that the French are very casual when it comes to punctuality. If you were to show up late to a meeting, you would probably be easily forgiven by many French professionals. Americans value punctuality a lot more than the French. You would mostly likely be the topic of discussion after the meeting. Speaking of conducting business, Mr. Priest also gives us insight by telling us that the French prefer to do business over lunch as opposed to any other meal. The French value privacy. They do not tend to like unannounced visits, so it is very important to let them know if you are planning to visit. Americans and the French have a little in common when it comes to communication. We both greet with a brief handshake, followed by a bit of eye contact. However, according to Matt Priest’s France Business Etiquette, Culture & Manners, French handshakes are not as firm as American handshakes. When conducting business, most people speak English, as English has become the common language within international business. According to Organization Communication in France: An Overview of Current Research, â€Å"†¦English has progressively and irremediably become the de facto Lingua Franca since the end of World War II†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Cooren & Grosjean, 2010). Americans are similar to the French when it comes to business attire. We both recommend dress to be conservative. Bright colors are usually avoided by both counterparts and flashy, overpowering, and glitzy accessories are not encouraged according to the International Business Center (Priest, 2012). Conservative clothing is usually preferred when conducting any kind of business internationally. Religion The dominant religion in France is Roman Catholic. According to the World Factbook of France, about 83-88% of the population of the country is Roman Catholic (2012). Religion plays a major role in the operations and actions of the people of France. The International Business Center tells us that for the countries that have over 50% of the population that practice the Catholic religion, there is a dimension of the Geert Hofstede analysis called the Uncertainty Avoidance that correlates positively with this statistic (2012). The Geert Hofstede analysis will be discussed later on throughout this paper. According to Edward J. Woell, â€Å"Catholic belief and practice continued to shape French national identity throughout the modern era† (2009). The national identity of France was also molded by the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. This document is very similar to the United States Constitution and even though both societies say there is a separation of church and state, they were both created and influenced by religious beliefs. This very idea is the justification of many laws implemented in France and the United States together. Back in the nineteenth century, France had a belief of spreading its culture around the world on civilizations that were considered wrong or backwards. They believed their culture was the hands down best and most appropriate way to live and conduct oneself. Since France was rooted in the Catholic religion, that would imply that they were spreading their religious beliefs on other civilizations and people of other areas. As you you will see a little further through this article, France has continued to spread its beliefs on people, especially the people that are occupants of the country. There are several examples that show the influence religion has had on the actions and even laws of the people of France. One of the most recent events that was influenced by religion was the banning of the burqa. A burqa is a full body veil that is worn by Muslim women. The banning of the burqa started with not allowing the burqa to be worn in the schools in France. According to Ellen Wiles’s article Headscarves, Human Rights, and Harmonious Multicultural Society: Implications of the French Ban for Interpretations of Equality, headscarves and any signs or clothing that demonstrate ones religious affiliation (2007). This article also pulls a passage directly from the rule that was passed by legislation on the issue of the schools ban on religious clothing, â€Å"Article L. 41-51 of the French Education Code provides: â€Å"In state primary and secondary schools, the wearing of signs or dress by which pupils overtly manifest a religious affiliation is prohibited. † (Legislation passed on March 15, 2004)† (2007). The French government was not happy there. They passed a law on September 14, 2010, that would ban the wearing of the burqa in public. Right Vision News tells us, â€Å"A woman who repeatedly insists on appearing veiled in public can be fined 150 euros and ordered to attend re-education classes. There are much ore severe penalties for anyone found guilty of forcing someone else to hide his or her face â€Å"through threats, violence, constraint, abuse of authority or power for reason of their gender. â€Å"Clearly aimed at fathers, husbands or religious leaders who force women to wear face-veils, and applicable to offences committed in public or in private, the law imposes a fine of 30,000 euros and a year in jail† (2011). 150 euros equals out to about 200 United States dollars and 30,000 euros is about 40,000 United States dollars. This is a very harsh punishment for something that is considered a part of some people’s custom. People argued that this would infringe on the religious freedom of the individuals in the society; however, since the majority religion is Roman Catholic, this ban fits perfectly into the identity of the people that actively practice the Catholic religion. The government of France, like I stated earlier, was shaped by religious beliefs. The argument of the government of France for banning the burqa was that it hindered inequality and promoted submissive behavior. However, many people question this argument. As we all know, France is very conscientious of their appearance. The burqa does not display the Roman Catholic religion but actually has a negative connotation to other people that still view Muslim as terrorist because of the extremist group called the Taliban. The United States has taken a very different approach. Just recently, a mosque was built near ground zero of the bombing that took place on September 11, 2001. In the United States, the majority religion is Christianity. The idea of the construction of the mosque received lots of opposition but it was ultimately approved for construction by the members of the United States federal government. This was one of the most extreme signs of the support of religious freedom in the country, or better yet, a more absolute signal of separation of church and state. As we all know, the United States pushed their beliefs on people as well, which is very similar to France. We came overseas from Britain and persuaded the Native American people to adapt our ways. We taught them our ways of hunting and even our way of survival. Most importantly, we taught the Natives our religious ways. The same goes for modern day America as well. Though slightly more subtle, we influence people today with our religious beliefs. Christianity is embedded into our culture and is forced upon people through the many rules and amendments. I guess you can say that about just about any country, however, not all countries are backed or rooted in religious beliefs. For instance, the national religion of China is atheist. That is strictly enforced by the government of the country and displays of other religions are subject to punishment. Ethics and Etiquette This section will not just focus on ethics, but more so business ethics. First off, ethics, according to Google’s dictionary, is â€Å"Moral principles that govern a person’s or group’s behavior† (2012). This is the perfect definition for the ethics of a culture because it is the principles that govern the people and it influences the decisions and actions of certain groups of people as well. Business ethics is defined by Chris MacDonald as, â€Å"critical, structured examination of how people & institutions should behave in the world of commerce. In particular, it involves examining appropriate constraints on the pursuit of self-interest, or (for firms) profits, when the actions of individuals or firms affects others† (2012). Business ethics influence how certain companies and businesses interact with one another to conduct business activities. Some of France’s ethics and values were discussed earlier in the article, but let us talk about these set of governing principles in detail to see how they affect interaction between the people of the country. French people value their language as I stated earlier and the history of the country. The French language and its importance was fore mentioned in the communication section, so let us discuss the importance of history on the people of this country. According to The ins and outs of doing business in Europe: Germany, France, Russia, and the emerging markets of Eastern Europe, â€Å"Ignorance of French history, culture, literature, and so on is demonstratively looked down upon† (Gray 2005). The French pride themselves on the long history of their country and the influence they have had on the world throughout the years. They also place importance on inheritance. This value of inheritance goes hand in hand with the importance of social classes in France. Social classes and structures will be discussed later in this article. The French place strong value on friendship. Friendships to the French are very similar to being family related to Americans. We Americans tend to make many friends with moderate devotion or dedication whereas, the French do not make as many friends but build very strong relationships. Mr. Edward MacNeal states on the topic of friendship in both the United States and France, â€Å"Friendship in America may imply nothing beyond a momentary conjunction of place or interest, and even those you consider as your friends probably don’t know your other friends. Friendship in France usually implies a lifelong commitment. One takes on a more active burden of concern for friends in France than most Americans would knowingly accept. Your obligations to a friend in France might be likened to those you would have to a family member that you personally selected. In France, then, one shies from making friends casually and most of one’s friends probably do know each other† (2003). With this in mind, it is beneficial for one to make friends with their employers. True, you do want to become an ally of your boss, but be sure not to try to hard because like I stated before, the French despise phony demeanors and are very critical of hypocritical behavior. The best way to meet someone new in France is to be introduced by a mutual third party. This is true because of the great emphasis that is placed on friendship. Remember, in France, all of your friends will likely know one another. Like MacNeal said, friendships are lifelong commitments; so, once you become friends with your boss, you can expect them to help you in any way they can and the actions should remain mutual. I will now discuss the business etiquette of the French people because this is going to be very important for people of different nations that intend to conduct business with the French. Firstly, when greeting anyone, be sure to address them by Monsieur or Madame, no matter the circumstance. This is considered formal and is regarded as more polite. It is always important to remember to never confuse business with personal in France. France rarely uses humor in the workplace. It is seen as unprofessional. The French value intellect over all. Like I mentioned earlier, the best meal to discuss business is lunch.

Domestic Violence On Ray Rice Essay

For I would think that Ray Rice was waiting for the elevator as it opens, a woman shoots past me with cries, clear fresh opened scars on the face. I see an angry Ray Rice out of the elevator. I would respectfully ask him about the situation with the woman. The first thought in my head is domestic violence. I wouldn’t of reported it right away in his face, but I certainly would question him. After I get the answer I will seek out for the victim, call the local police and identify the man known as ray rice after confirming watching the tape. The societal impact would be tremendous. NFL superstar in a domestic violence case. The NFL should have an uprise on it’s domestic violence policy, it should not take a very graphic video to get the NFL to do the right thing. For too long in the NFL has had this form of playbook when it comes to players who commit domestic violence. For I would think that Ray Rice probably just lost his temper, as I saw it in his face. I also saw a fo rm of remorse at the press conference when he apologized. Did it really take a two game ban, suspension, and a release to feel some type of remorse? I don’t entirely agree. I think, I believe it was just a case of losing someone’s soul, Ray Rice snapped. In the 1990s, NFL players were charged with domestic violence more often than with any other crime. Yet again, the NFL took no action, and if players were cut by one team after being arrested, they were often quickly picked up by another. Some of these cases involved allegations. I’m sure the NFL has suspended indefinitely players who has a more cruel video tape of evidence. The NFL is in desire need of male leadership when it comes to violence against women. In the wake of the Rice video’s release, the owner of the ravens sent a letter to stakeholders that outlined mistakes, apologized and promised a better response in the future. In this society, we have to open our eyes think affect of long-term, in this case, domestic violence because we cannot let these situ ations get over hyped and out of control of the situation and the individuals involved as well. The short-term attention and never hinder the long-term effect on this society  on how it viewpoints an organization. Ray Rice can use this experience to help him as a spokesman for domestic violence cases when this situation goes down. Ray Rice was talking at the press conference about how he let his mom, wife, daughter, wife’s parents and teammates down. It was a big mistake for conflicting his anger on his wife on that night. He wanted to get some help on his actions. I think that he could of think first before he react to it. I think his fiancà ©e shouldn’t keep on provoking him and thinking that he wouldn’t do anything to her. In this situation, it should of have stopped from the beginning where they got into a huge argument. When you get into an argument, it can lead to another whole level. The only thing he can do right now is to fix himself together and realize how he took his rage on something where he could of told his fiancà ©e to slim down and let ’s work it out somehow. The law in this society is, do not put your hands on a woman. Because men are stronger than a woman. And there’s no reason to put your hands on a woman. When Ray Rice finished beating his fiancà ©e up, the elevator opens and you can see he drag his fiancà ©e out of the elevator, left her there and didn’t bother carrying her out of the elevator. So of course, when he went to court the judge will think he didn’t really care about her at all. Ray Rice didn’t acknowledge the fact that his way was drunk and she needed to cool down for a Sec. They should of taking this situation where they can solve it another way, then going to court, going to hail or even get suspended from the NFL. For each of the situation, I think they could put Ray and his fiancà ©e in a rehab or an anger management center so that it can help them out throughout the process. If you can tell how the judge and the NFL have taken it too far from the situation. Instead of him going to jail, he could’ve been on probation and learn from his mista kes. The NFL and the teammates can help him to accomplish his goals by talking to him, explaining how to not put your hands on any type of women, focus on his anger so that he can control it. Mange throughout the whole year without any domestic violence. Now he needs to learn that one day his daughter will find out the truth about how her mother and father got into an argument and it lead into a serious thing. She will think that her father and mother could of done something different to solve this issue. She might be scared of her father because of what he has done to his fiancà ©e from the past. Men shouldn’t put their hands on a woman and a women should put their  hands on a man. The whole purpose of this incident was to take control on everything. It doesn’t matter how mad you get or how bad the person you love gets you steaming hot. There shouldn’t be any domestic violence at all. When you notice that there’s any violence around, have you think that it will affect the other part in society as in little kids and at school. Society needs to understand on what should be done with domestic violence. What need to take care of so that society can be a better place.

PURCHASING Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

PURCHASING - Essay Example We can say that when we need to perform any specific task regarding some sort of activity, we need to have some related goods and services available for us in order to perform that activity. And attainment of those goods and services is referred to as purchasing. If we talk about hotels and restaurants, purchases mean to acquire those goods and services which we need to have in our hands for the purpose of successful operations of the restaurant. If these goods and services are to the management of the restaurant right at the time when they are needed, the restaurant will be able to operate its functions efficiently and effectively. But when they are not available or accessible for the management of the restaurant at the desired time, it will become very difficult for the restaurant to maintain its level of reliability and public’s confidence stable. So we can say that purchasing is one of the most important factors which are to be taken into consideration by the management of the restaurant or any other organization in order to perform all the related functions successfully. Purchasing, in the present era, has undergone various changes and developments in several organizations. If we talk about restaurants, management of the process of purchasing has gained great importance for maintaining a stabilized level of supply to demand management. If we talk about the required set of skills and abilities for the management of a restaurant, we should say that now relatively high level pf skills and abilities are required for the successful operation of the purchasing process in any restaurant because of the factor of competition among the restaurants. Gadde and Hakansson (1993) found that purchasing is seen as one of the key strategic functions to be performed effectively by the management of an organization in order to get competitive advantage among several

The History of Lacrosse Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The History of Lacrosse - Research Paper Example The sport of Lacrosse has diplomatic, spiritual, entertaining, physical and cultural meaning/ significance. Thesis statement: The meaning/significance given by Indian tribes to Lacrosse game is beyond its value as a sports item (special reference to historical background of Lacrosse). The history of Lacrosse as an ancient game is interconnected with the Indian tribes in North America. The Native Americans considered Lacrosse as a gift from the god, their creator. As pointed out, the Native Americans played the crude form of Lacrosse and its modern form is indebted to the European settlers. For instance, the European settlers who reached in the southern parts of the American continent got interested in this game. Montreal, an important settlement of the Europeans is considered as the birthplace of modern Lacrosse. Eventually, the warm relation between European settlers and the Native American tribal people resulted in the popularity of Lacrosse to other parts of the world. The crude form of Lacrosse game cannot be termed as a single game because it was a set of ball games played by a number of Indian tribes. For instance, the Northeast tribal people used one stick and the Southeast tribal people used two sticks to play Lacrosse. The tribal people used different na mes to denote the same game. For instance, the Ojibwa Indians used the word â€Å"beggataway† to denote the game. The name of the game â€Å"Lacrosse† originated from its similarity with crosier, which was used for religious purposes. Donald Lee Fixico makes clear that the French settlers in North America used the word ‘Lacrosse’ to denote the game (Fixico 103). The European settlers who settled in North America gradually converted the aboriginal population to Christian faith. Some of the converts moved to the border regions of Canada. This resulted in the spread of Lacrosse in Canada. Eventually, the European settlers who

Operatins Management - Cruise Inc. - Case Study

Operatins Management - Cruise Inc. - - Case Study Example NCL generates revenue from every section of the cruise in each and every tour from the company. Every section of the cruise is productive for the firm either through direct or indirect way of generating revenue. This productivity of the firm can be measured from the earning from each activities carried out on the cruise by analyzing the travel partner performances, analyzing cost of sale for the firm and also analyzing the trend of the ticket booking. Analyzing these sections of the firm gives a better understanding of the financial condition of the company. The EBITDA of NCL improved a lot from $6.6 million to $37.4 million in the fourth quarter and a huge increment of over the year from $228.1 million to $324.1 million in the year 2009 (NCL, 2011). Since EBITDA don’t include interest expenses, income taxes and amortization it can also be a good addition if the additional elements are calculated for more accurate productivity measurement. Question 2: Describe the service pack age offered by NCL to its customers. Visit the â€Å"Life Onboard† section of several cruise line websites and the insight provided by the film, â€Å"Cruise Inc† to gain a better understanding of service packages offered by cruise lines. ... The resort vacation experience of the customer on the cruise is the major attraction for the customers. The cabin rates of NCL Pearl ranges from $35 to $2000 per day for each person on the cruise depicts the strategy from the company how they implemented the competitive advantage to grab the market from low to high market segment. The seven specialty restaurants provide foods for every need of the customers with variety of food habits and taste. The company provides over 100 plus activities and services like casino, spa, and art gallery, medical center, laundry and bar to entertain and meet the demand of each and every customer on the cruise (NCL-a, 2011). Question 3: What are NCL’s competitive priorities and why do you believe they follow these priorities? Describe what should be in the service package so that it aligns with the company’s emphasized competitive priorities. The unique services provided by the company to the customers with wide range of services packages are target towards every customer on the cruise. The quality services induce the customers to get familiar with their services and avail a lifetime experience for the entertainment provided by the company. This diversified service provided by the company for every need of the customers and for every customer on the cruise is the major advantage for NCL to attract wide customer base. The competitive price of the cruise and the best buy technique to offer customers guaranteed low price for travelling on the cruise provides a great advantage for the company to attract customers to avail their services (NCL-b, 2011). The club of the company with travel agents for excursion and recommendation of the company for several

Financial Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

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International Financial Reporting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

International Financial Reporting - Essay Example The notion â€Å"true and fair view† has originated from British accounting. There has numerous definition of â€Å"true and fair view† as there is no exact definition available of the term either by the standard setters or in law or even through court verdicts. The notion â€Å"true and fair view† has never been defined officially and as the principle is dynamic, it is neither desirable nor possible to give an exact definition for the concept. (Evans 2003:312) However , in a French case that was decided in 1994 did mention about the phrase that termed it as a trust on adhering with accounting regulations, which does not automatically guarantee a true and fair view. IASB demands that financial reports should offer a true and fair view. US accounting regulation's demand that accounts should be presented as per generally accepted accounting principles. (Walton & Aerts 2006:69). As per IFRS, the general intention of financial reports is to offer a just and fair presentation of the modification or changes in the financial performance and position of a business organisation or a company. The Conceptual Framework of IASB advocates that fair presentation could also be mentioned as offering a â€Å"true and fair view†. However, IAS 1.15 standard specifically states that publication of financial reports, which is based on the chief hypothesis that the application of IFRS with further or additional dissemination, if needed, is supposed to present financial reports mirroring a â€Å"fair presentation.† ... needed, is supposed to present financial reports mirroring a â€Å"fair presentation.† Further, IAS 1 demands in the same tenor an unreserved and explicit of adherence with IFRS to be comprised in the notes to the accounts. (Walton & Aerts 2006:69). As per Walton, the three classes of significance of â€Å"true and fair view† are a residual, legal clause; a generally accepted accounting concept and an independent concept. Further, under the view of GAAP, the proposition for European harmonisation is that before the fourth directive, each member nation had its own â€Å"true and fair view.† Thus, to establish a synchronized â€Å"true and fair view† would need a common meaning or GAAP; and that it should be noted that actual words are just signifiers only. As regards to â€Å"true and fair view†, Walton’s general view is that it is having both a probable large political meaning and an operational meaning, when accountants are enhancing or defe nding their professional position. The notion â€Å"true and fair view† has been formulated in the UK footed on the following three fundamentals namely an independent concept; a legal residual clause and generally accepted accounting principles. (Evans 2003). A† true and fair view â€Å" is needed to accomplish â€Å" the goal of financial reports â€Å" which is to offer info about the status of the financial standing , financial performance and any modification or change in the financial status of a business or a company that is advantageous to a broader choice of stakeholders or users in arriving at financial decisions. (ISAB: IAS Framework 2001). In financial reporting, the â€Å"true and fair view† can be mirrored by four qualitative uniqueness namely undesirability; relevance; comparability and reliability. Financial reporting is the

MHE503 Survey of Emergency and Disaster Mgt Module 3 Case Essay

MHE503 Survey of Emergency and Disaster Mgt Module 3 Case - Essay Example The difference was particularly set through the existence of SDOF or Single Degree of Freedom which is a system used to prepare structures for upcoming possibilities of seismic activities from the earth's ground. In Kobe Japan, the preparation has been focused upon the evacuation of the people.1 Practically, they failed to see through the ten-fold preparation even before tragedies occur. Meanwhile, the Northridge Earthquake in California has created a more sophisticated process of saving the buildings even before the tragedy took place. 2This is one particular difference in the occurrence of earthquake control between the two places in consideration herein. Basically, preparing buildings for their capacity of facing tragedies such as earthquakes could be a huge matter of consideration to avoid bigger levels of tragedies from happening.3 On the part of the buildings in Northridge California, it has been reported that the four structures present in the area had been further examined for their capabilities of facing possible tragedies and were noted to have the following rate of integrity in facing seismic activities in the ground. The levels of integrity had been presented as follows: As seen from this particular figure, the level of isolation that the building has in terms of facing seismic activities in the area could be considered really stro... e tragedy, something that has not been given careful attention to by the administrators in the KOBE Earthquake control before occurrence of the tragedy in consideration. 2. Describe important components to include in a mitigation strategy for managing earthquake risk. As resulted from the research and study considered in this paper, it could be considered that preparation on the part of the builders of the structures is a very important matter to give attention to. Through this practical pre-emptive process, the tragedies that could happen during earthquakes could be well controlled and managed. It could be noted that through the different preparatory procedures taken into serious consideration by the administrators of the structural building approaches, the possible chances of tragedies occurring in the future could be taken away from the level of worries that masks the modern buildings and the towering heights of the structures in the modern community of human society today. With this precaution taken into consideration, millions of lives and properties could be saved from devastation. From this point of discussion, it could be realized how the different options of mitigation could be given careful attention through taking precautionary steps years before the possible occurrence of tragedies and accidents especially involving structures and buildings. Today, especially with the utilization of modern technology, structural arrangements used to practically create measures of protection and preparation could be easily given attention to, allowing chances of being saved from tragic ends of natural disasters a better choice for most people living within the area where the event is concentrated. References: BCJ (Building Center of Japan), 1997, "Menshin Kozou

Anlysis of the Lincoln Electric Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Anlysis of the Lincoln Electric Company - Essay Example The availability and prices for raw materials are subject to volatility and are affected by global economic conditions, speculative action, world supply and demand balances, inventory levels, availability of substitute materials, currency exchange rates, anticipated shortages and other factors. Other economic factors include exchange rate fluctuations and limits on the repatriation of monies (The Lincoln Electric Company online). Sociological factors affecting the industry include the absence of trained labor pools as young skilled labor pursue cleaner and safer jobs (Brat, 2006). On the technological front, increasing power ratings and continued improvements in beam quality and processes, such as remote welding, are expected to increase revenues. Advances in solid-state laser technology, including disc lasers and fiber lasers, are expected to foster growth trends (Frost & Sullivan online). In the environmental environment, the industry increasingly faces complicated environmental re gulations including those concerning air and water emissions and waste management. Lastly, factors in the legal environment that could affect the cutting and welding industry are lawsuits pressed by plaintiffs who develop neurological conditions caused by exposure to manganese contained in welding consumables. This industry also faces risk of exposure to product liability claims in the event that accidents or failures on projects result in bodily injury or property damage. Also, this industry is required to comply with a wide variety of conflicting foreign laws and regulations, import and export limitations, and exchange controls (The Lincoln Electric Company online). The intensity of rivalry in the cutting and welding industry is high. Lincoln Electric operates in a highly competitive global environment and competes with other broad line manufacturers and numerous smaller competitors specializing in particular products. Moreover, in the past decade, the United States arc welding industry faced fiercer foreign competition as low cost imports became more readily available. This foreign competition intensifies as the U.S. dollar depreciates in relation to other currencies. Suppliers have high bargaining power. The main raw material used in the cutting and welding industry is steel. Since 2003, the price of steel has increased substantially and there have been periodic shortages due to worldwide economic factors, including increased demand for construction materials in developing nations such as China and India. Customers have high bargaining power. The customers of the cutting and welding industry are the manufacturing and industrial sectors (The Li ncoln Electric Company online). The cutting and welding industry is fragmented and faces a consolidating end-user base. The barriers to entry are high. Rising labor costs and the decrease in the number of skilled welders together with the increased demand for high-precision welding is set to drive the adoption of welding robots. A sizeable capital investment is required to install automated equipment (Frost & Sullivan online). The threat of substitutes is low. Welding is still the dominant method of joining metals today (Lab Safety Supply online; The Lincoln Electric Company online). Lincoln Electric has a culture of innovation, technological leadership, and employee focus, which are also its strengths. Recognized as the "welding experts", Lincoln Electric provides leading technology

Process Design Matrix and Summary Essay Example for Free

Process Design Matrix and Summary Essay Mattress Express is in the service of delivering mattresses is available to the customers. The company strategy for deliveries is to be able to deliver mattresses in both a reasonable on timely manner and to the consumer’s home. The delivery cost is $49.99 and includes delivery, set up, and removal of the customer’s old mattress set. Mattress Express has a centralized warehouse that is strategically located in order to best service the surrounding community. The warehouse feeds five stores and houses the inventory for each of the locations. The warehouse also has a showroom attached which makes it easily one of the largest Mattress Express locations Mattress express offers a five day delivery schedule. The deliveries are handled by the warehouse manager. All deliveries are separated into time frames which are then designated into particular areas and group to gather for the most efficient routing. Mattress Express inventory levels are kept to a minimum as the company operates on cash only. Inventory levels fluctuate up and down as cash flow increases via the trends in business. All inventory is stored at the centralized warehouse and deliveries are operated from this location as well. PRODUCT Tempur-pedic is a product that is a standalone within the mattress industry. The company strategy is to build the most highly recommended bed in America. They also wish to sell direct to the consumer as well as through a series of retail partners. Another important aspect of their strategy is to excel as a marketing firm. Tempur-pedic has a total of three factories. The factories are located in Lexington Kentucky, Duffield Virginia, and a European facility in Denmark. Each factory produces Tempur-pedic products and  distributes to regional distribution centers. Tempur-pedic is of the utmost superior quality and craftsmanship. To ensure the quality level of the products one out of every four mattresses is tested. In addition to testing mattresses frequently the product integrity margins are also how to extremely precise standards. This ensures that all to review the customers are experiencing the highest level of quality possible.

Caring for People with Intellectual Disabilities

Caring for People with Intellectual Disabilities 2.2 Example of causes of intellectual disability that occur during or immediately following birth and describe 2 main characteristics of the effects. Example 1: Prematurity and low birth weight predict serious problems more often than any other conditions. Difficulties in the birth process such as temporary oxygen deprivation cause intellectual disability. Source: The Arc for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities . (n.d.). Retrieved from www.thearc.org/page.aspx?pid=2453. Main characteristics: The main characteristic of low birth baby is that they may have breathing problems. If the baby is born to soon there is a great chance that the baby’s lungs will be underdeveloped because of that they may have problems in receiving oxygen. The baby may also have trouble in maintaining a normal body temperature and they may become hypothermic( too cold) Example 2: Trauma: It occurs because of serious injury. We can say a serious shock to the body due to violence or accident. Source: AAIDD American Association on Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://aaidd.org/docs/default-source/events/harvey-trauma-8-15.pdf. Main characteristics: They may have difficulties in concentration due to painful memories or thoughts. They may face difficulty in sleep. Because of that they feel tired. 2.3 Give two examples of causes of intellectual disability that occur during childhood years and describe the impact on the day to day support needs of the person. Example 2: Meningitis: meningitis is the inflammation of the meninges, the covering of the brain and spinal cord. It is most of caused by infection but can also be produced by chemical irritation, subarachnoid, cancer and other conditions. Bacterial meningitis may result in brain damage, hearing loss, learning disabilities, behaviour changes, high fever, sensitivity to light and confusion. Source: WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.who.int/topics/meningitis/en/. Task 3: Describe condition frequently associated with the intellectual disability. Condition 1: Foetal Alcohol Syndrome Cause: Foetal Alcohol Syndrome is growth, physical and mental problems. It mainly affects the baby when a mother consumes alcohol during her pregnancy. Source: WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION Bulletin of the World Health Organization. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/89/6/11-020611/en/. Physical support: provide them loving, nurturing and stable home life. However children with foetal alcohol syndrome have harmful relationship, therefore early diagnoses have more positive outcome.it also help the family members to understand the reaction and behaviour of the child. Assist them with daily living activities like showering, toileting, dressing and feeding. Provide them physiotherapy so they can make their muscle strong. Regular medical check-up is also helpful to maintain their health. Social support: As the children with foetal alcohol syndrome are very hyperactive. Behaviour management training is very useful for them. This will help them to learn about manners and how they can release their stress. they may have difficulty to interact with different people so provide them opportunities for friendship. Take them out and involve them into social activities. Cognitive support: Provide them education about good behaviour. Provide them planned and reasonable methods to education.so that they can improve their ability to think more effectively. Provide them educational opportunity like they can join some educational programme where they can learn new skills. Condition 2: Autism Causes: no study has found the exact cause of autism but the researchers has pointed out few possible factors which includes genetic (heredity), metabolic or neurological factors, infections and problems during birth. Source: World Health Organization. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.who.int/features/qa/85/en/. Physical support: The person with autism may find difficulties in activities of daily living. They may find difficulties in showering, toileting, dressing, undressing and feeding. We can help them to do their personal care and in feeding. We can provide occupational therapy for them.it will help them to manage their stress and they can feel relax. We can also help them to set their routine. Social support: they may have difficulty to interact with different people so provide them opportunities for friendship. Take them out and involve them in different activities like social club or offer specific advice about interaction. Help them to learn social rules using logic like how they have to talk and behave with others, manners and body language. Cognitive support: we can provide them speech and language therapy it will help them to learn speech and language skills.so that they can speak clearly. Parent and family member can learn how to play and interact with their child in way that permote cognitive skill. We can provide them some mind games like bingo or quiz so that they can use their mind.it will help them to think logically. Condition 3: Prader – Willi Syndrome CAUSE: Prader – Willi Syndrome is caused by a gene missing on part of chromosome 15. Basically, parents release a copy of this chromosome. In most cases patients with prader – willi syndrome have missing the genetic material on part of the father chromosome. Other patients with this problem have two pairs of the mother’s chromosome 15. Source: Main characteristics: Children with Prader- willi syndrome may have poor muscle tone. They may feel floppy or rag dolls when they are held.Elbows and knees loosely extended due to poor muscles tone instead of stable. People with Prader willi syndrome may have different facial feature. They may have almond shaped eyes, a narrowing of the head at the temple and turned down mouth etc. Motor development often delays with this syndrome. They may have delay in sitting up and walking. they also have speech delay problem. Physical support: Children with prader willi syndrome are at higher risk of developing fatness or size due to excessive eating. The proper weight management can be helpful for them to maintain their weight. If they want to eat more and more distract their mind by giving them other activities like music, games. Set an exercise plan so that they can become strong. Social support: we can provide social support to the children/person with prader willi syndrome. We can take them out or take them in interesting places. Where they can engage with other people and can connect with them socially. We have to give them some activities that are not related to food so that they cannot concentrate only on food. Encourage them to join some support clubs. there are many clubs who support to the children with this syndrome. They help them to interact socially with people and help them to manage their diet. Cognitive support: provide them education. They might have speech problem and learning problems. Provide them a speech therapist so that they can learn some speech skills. Educate them about managing their own diet and how they can make a routine about their regular diet.